軍隊(duì)文職中英語(yǔ)考試英語(yǔ)國(guó)家概況部分_英語(yǔ)試題英語(yǔ)概況

解放軍文職招聘考試 英語(yǔ)試題英語(yǔ)概況-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊(duì)文職考試-紅師教育

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2017-05-21 10:47:54I. Directions: Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully .For each unfinished statement or question four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the answer sheet. (25% )1. Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the _______ and the North Sea in the east.A. eastB. southC. westD. north2. The first known settlers of Britain were _______.A. the JutesB. the CeltsC. the SaxonsD. the Iberians3. The English Civil War is also called ______.A. the Puritan RevolutionB. the second Magna CartaC. the Long ParliamentD. the Anglican War4. The Tories were the forerunners 0f _______ , which still bears the nickname today.A. the Labour PartyB. the Liberal PartyC. the Social Democratic PartyD. the Conservative Party5. In Britain only _______ of the population are farmers but they manage 7O% of the land area.A. 2%B. 3%C. 4%D. 5%6. Which of the following Statements is NOT true about the Prime Minister in Britain?A. He is appointed by the Queen.B. He is Minister for the Civil Service.C. He sits in the House of Commons.D. He receives 88,292 a year.7. London s Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of _______ .A. the Lord ChancellorB. the Home SecretaryC. the Attorney GeneralD. the Prime Minister8. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the National Health Service?A. It Provides for every resident a full range of medical services.B. It is administered by the central government.C. Its emergency ambulances are available for doctors urgent calls.D. It has suffered from under funding in recent decades.9. There are some _______ universities in the United Kingdom, including the Open University.A. 75B. 80C. 85D. 9O10. Ireland is divided into two political parts: _______ .A. Northern Ireland and southern IrelandB. Southern Ireland and the Republic of IrelandC. the Republic of Ireland and Northern IrelandD. Northern Ireland and Britain11. The Grand Canyon in north-western _______ is one of nature s most impeessive sights.A. UtahB. ArizonaC. NevadaD. Idaho12. The first immigrants in American history came from _______ .A. England and GermanyB. England and IrelandC. England and the NetherlandsD. England and Spain13. The United States went to war with _______ in 1812, the last war fought between these two countries.A. BritainB. FranceC. SpainD. Mexico14. In 1932, in the depth of the depression, the American people chose _______ as their next president who promised a new deal to get America out of depression.A. TheodoreB. Franklin D. RooseveltC. Woodrow WilsonD. Herbert Hoover15. Martin Luther King, Jr., a young black clergyman, became a national leader of the _______ Movement.A. BoycottB. Civil RightsC. SegregationD. Integration16. The cultivated land in the U.S. makes up _______ of the total land, and people who are engaged in farming make up only 2.7% of the total population.A. 21%B. 31%C. 41%D. 51%17. The Constitution of the United States provides that _______ shall be President of the Senate.A. the Secretary of StateB. the Chief JusticeC. the PresidentD. the Vice President18. The typical organizational pattern for elementary and secondary schools in the United States is that of _______ .A. classified schoolsB. vocational schoolsC. graded schoolsD. public schools19. In the 1920s, Black Literature developed into an upsurge which has come to be known as _______ .A. the Manhattan RenaissanceB. the Harlem RenaissanceC. the Black RevivalD. the African-American Rebirth20. Of all the symbols, _______ , which are considered to represent fertility and new life: are those most frequently associated with Easter.A. the pumpkin and the turkeyB. the lamb and the beefC. the spring peas and the potatoesD. the egg and the rabbit21. Canada was divided Into Upper Canada (English speaking) and Lower Canada (French speaking) in _______ and they were united again in _______ .A. 1791/1840B. 1775/1791C. 1840/1867D. 1775/186722. Canada s early economic development was founded on _______ .A. resource industriesB. heavy industriesC. light industriesD. manufacturing industries23. What law made French the offical language in Canada s Quebec?A. The Official Language Act.B. The Charter of the French Language in Quebec.C. The Meech Lake Accord.D. The new Canadian Constitution.24. The Canadian population is chiefly characterized by _______ .A. its sizeB. its growthC. its linguistic dualityD. its French origins25. Australia has always been a continent with few people mainly because _______ .A. Australia is too far away fram EuropeB. Australia is the least mountainous and most level of the world scontinentsC. Australia is separated from the rest of the world by seasD. most of the continent is hot and dryII. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully and see if it is true or false .Blacken A if you think it is true or B if you think it is false on your answer sheet. Blackening C、D or E is useless. (15% )26.Britain became a world leader in shipbuilding during the middle of the 20th century.27. The Queen is the center of much of the nation s ceremonial and, by ancient tradition, the leader of society.28.The Lord Chancellor recommends the High Court and circuit judges, the recorders and the 76 metropolitan and stipendiary magistrates.29.The social security system in Britain is designed to secure a basic standard of living for people in financial need.30.The Open University in Britain is a non-residential university based in London.31. Since the 1960s, manufacturing has become the mainstay of the Irish economy.32. Although tobacco is grown in many countries, the United States is the World s biggest producer and user of this profitable crop.33.The Supreme Court is the highest court of the United States and is the only organ which has the power to interpret the Constitution.34. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of University of Michigan in 1636.35. Mark Twain s real name was Samuel Langhorne Clemens and he was born and brought up in the small town of Hannibal, Missouri, on the Mississippi River.36. Before World War II, it was customary for each community to hold veteran s parades and public ceremonies in the U.S.A.37. Canada, a self-governing member of the Commonwealth of Nations, is a federation of 15 provinces and two territories.38. British explorers had a good knowledge of animals, the seasons and all aspects of Australia.39. In January 1940 Australian troops first sailed for overseas theatres of war, and in the next two years they fought with the British against the Germans and Italians in northern Africa, the Middle East and Mediterranean.40. New Zealanders take a community approach to problems, but at the same time they are very proud of being independent and self-reliant.第二部分（主觀題，共60分）III. Directions: For each of the following blanks, only one word is suitable. Write the word in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (25%)●The capital of the Republic of Ireland is (1) ________ , and the capital of Northern Ireland is (2) ________ .●The English Renaissance was largely (3) ________ and its finest exponents were Christopher Marlowe, Ben Jonson and William (4) ________ .●The Whigs were the forerunners of the (5) ________ Party while the Tories were the forerunners of the (6) ________ party of England.●Most of Britain s oil reserves are thought to be under the (7) ______ (8) ______.●British Parliament consists of the Sovereign, the House of (9) _____ and the House of (10) ______.●The United Kingdom is a (11) ______ monarchy, it began in the (12) _______th century.●In the United Kingdom, in criminal trials by jury, the (13) ______ passes sentence but the (14) _______ decides the issue of guilt or innocence.●Britain is regarded as a (15) _______ state. The term applies mainly to the National (16) ______ Service, national insurance and social security.●In the United Kingdom, education is compulsory for all between the ages of (17) ______ and (18) ________.●The British national newspapers can be divided into two groups: national (19) _____ and national (20) ________.●The most important lakes in the United States are the (21) _____ Lakes, they are all located between (22) ______ and the United States except Lake Michigan.●In respect of population, (23) ______ (24) _______ is the biggest city in the United States.●The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the U.S. is the (25) _______, who were first brought to North America as (26) ______ in 1619.●Counterculture in 1960s was a movement of (27) ________ against the moral values, the aesthetic (28) _______ and the personal behavior.●American government is divided into three branches: the legislative, the (29) ______ and the (30) ________, each has part of the powers but not all the power.●Formal education in the United States consists of elementary, (31) _________ and (32) _______ education.●The first British settlers in Canada were (33) _______ refugees who refused to fight against the British army in the War of American Independence. They called themselves (34) ________.●It is assumed that the first Europeans who reached Australia s shores were the (35) ________ and Portuguese, whom were followed by the (36) _______ and then the English.●In the 1950s, there was a boom in Australia s economy and people s living standard was high, so Australia was called the (37) _______ (38) ________ in that period.●In World War II, Australia declared war on Japan immediately after Japan bombed the U.S. naval base at (39) _______ (40) _________.●The main feature of Australia s trade is that it has always involved the exchange of (41) ________ materials for (42) ________ products.●The basic structure of Australian government is based on both the (43) ______ and (44) _______ models.●New Zealand has two main islands. They are (45) ________ Island and (46) ______ Island.●New Zealand is a sovereign independent state with a parliamentary (47) ________ and a constitutional (48) _______.●The official languages in New Zealand are (49) ________ and (50) _______.IV. Directions: Explain the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (15%)1. Black Death2. The Gunpowder Plot3. Ulysses4. The Puritans5. the Axis powersV. Directions: Give a brief answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (12%)1. What happened in the four-day London smog in 1952?2. What does IBM stand for? What is the corporation s main product?3. When is Trick or treat played and what does it mean?4. What is special about the Kiwi, a national symbol of New Zealand?VI. Directions: Write between 100-15O words on the following topic in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (8%)Describe briefly the size and location of the United States of America.

解放軍文職招聘考試8.英語(yǔ)二的手機(jī)生活-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊(duì)文職考試-紅師教育

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2017-06-27 20:28:06From the information given in the above column chart, we can see a striking contrast in mobile-phone subscriptions between developing and developed countries from 2000 to 2008. During this period, there has been a dramatic increase from 0.4 to 4 billion mobile phone subscriptions in developing countries, while that of developed countries remained steady under 1 billion during the decade.At least two fundamental factors could contribute to this phenomenon. On the one hand, with the rapid increase in economy happening in the developing countries, the telecommunication industry in those countries got a great bound to meet the demand of globalization. As a result, the user of mobile phone which can narrow the distance between people and link the whole world together rose at an incredible speed. On the other hand, the extremely advanced civilization of developed countries means less potential in many aspects including in the area of private telecommunication tools and their demand for further enlargement of such tools tend to saturation.In conclusion, while mobile phones subscriptions, if used carelessly or without restraint, could prove to be a double-edged sword, the fact remains that it is already extremely prevalent in both developing and developed countries and even today, continue rise in popularity. Given the levels of intelligence, prudence and discretion imbued in people, I am sure that most of them will be able to sidestep the potential drawbacks of mobile phones, while taking advantage of all its merits.參考譯文：根據(jù)上述柱狀圖所提供的信息，我們可以看出從2000年到2008年，發(fā)展中國(guó)家和發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家之間在手機(jī)入網(wǎng)方面存在著驚人的對(duì)比。在此期間，發(fā)展中國(guó)家手機(jī)入網(wǎng)從4億急速增長(zhǎng)到40億， 而發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家的相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)只是在10億之下保持平穩(wěn)。至少有兩點(diǎn)主要原因造成了這種現(xiàn)象。一方面，隨著發(fā)展中國(guó)家發(fā)生的快速經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)，這些國(guó)家的電信產(chǎn)業(yè)必然適應(yīng)全球化的需求。因此，使用手機(jī)縮短人們之間距離并與全世界聯(lián)系的人數(shù)以驚人的速度增加。另一方面，發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家極端先進(jìn)的文明在私人電信工具等諸多領(lǐng)域意味著更少的發(fā)展?jié)摿?，他們?duì)進(jìn)一步開(kāi)發(fā)此類工具的需求趨于飽和。因此，如果不小心或沒(méi)有節(jié)制，手機(jī)入網(wǎng)就是一把雙刃劍。盡管這樣，事實(shí)上，手機(jī)入網(wǎng)在發(fā)展中國(guó)家和發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家中均十分流行，這種趨勢(shì)甚至今天還在繼續(xù)擴(kuò)大。加入人們多動(dòng)腦、謹(jǐn)慎些、具有判斷力，我確信大多數(shù)人們都能客服手機(jī)入網(wǎng)的弊端、利用它的優(yōu)勢(shì)。

作物生產(chǎn)概況及發(fā)展趨勢(shì)-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊(duì)文職考試-紅師教育

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2017-08-12 23:50:16作物生產(chǎn)概況及發(fā)展趨勢(shì)一、作物生產(chǎn)概況1. 世界作物生產(chǎn)概況作物總產(chǎn)的增加主要得益于單產(chǎn)的提高，而單產(chǎn)的提高主要依賴于現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步和農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)條件的改善，特別是下列6個(gè)方面的因素起了決定性的作用。① 品種改良 ② 增施肥料與施肥技術(shù) ③ 節(jié)水技術(shù) ④ 設(shè)施栽培 ⑤ 作物病蟲(chóng)草害的防治⑥ 高新技術(shù)的推廣應(yīng)用2. 我國(guó)作物生產(chǎn)概況① 作物品種的改良 ② 間作、套作多熟制種植技術(shù) ③ 作物栽培技術(shù) ④ 病蟲(chóng)草鼠防治技術(shù)⑤ 作物生產(chǎn)條件的改善二、作物生產(chǎn)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)1. 作物生產(chǎn)發(fā)展的目標(biāo)生產(chǎn)率目標(biāo)、可持續(xù)性目標(biāo)、營(yíng)養(yǎng)安全目標(biāo)、經(jīng)濟(jì)高效目標(biāo)2. 作物生產(chǎn)發(fā)展的途徑①建設(shè)高產(chǎn)農(nóng)田 ②改革種植制度 ③普及優(yōu)良品種 ④發(fā)展先進(jìn)適用技術(shù)

解放軍文職招聘考試 英語(yǔ)2-解放軍文職人員招聘-軍隊(duì)文職考試-紅師教育

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2017-05-21 10:52:382. Magna Carta had altogether 63 clauses of which the most important matters could be seen in three of the following except _______. [B]A. no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council;B. no serf should be arrested, imprisoned or deprived of his property except by the law of the landC. London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privilegesD. There should be the same weights and measures through - out the country.3. The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor ________ modified and improved the design in 1765. [B]A. Abraham DarbyB. James WattC. John KayD. Richard Arkwright4. In some areas factory farming methods are used, particularly for ________. [D]A. growing cropB. producing milkC. catching fishD. rearing poultry5. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed ______ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom. [A]A. Prime MinisterB. Member of ParliamentC. Lord of AppealD. Speaker of the House6. Under the Anglo - Irish Treaty, Britain established _______ with dominion status in Ireland in 1921. [B]A. the Anglican Church of IrelandB. the Irish Free StateC. the Irish Republican ArmyD. the Anglo - Irish Intergovernmental Council8. _______ realized that he could win support for the Union at home and abroad by making the war a just war against slavery. [D]A. Frederick DouglassB. George WashingtonC. John AdamsD. Abraham Lincoln9. But even after the abolition of slavery, organized or individual discrimination was practiced against ______. [D]A. Chinese - AmericansB. American IndiansC. Japanese - AmericansD. black Americans10. From 1948 to 1966 average yearly growth in real spendable earnings was ______ percent in the United States. [B]A. 1.1B. 2.1C. 3.1D. 4.111. After a period of prosperity (1920 ~ 1929), government involvement in the economy increased _________. [A]A. during the Great DepressionB. after the WW IC. after the WW IID. during the Cold War12. The United States grows nearly _____ of the world"s grain and supplies a half of all the exports of grain in the world. [B]A. one thirdB. one fourthC. one sixthD. one seventh13. Through the Department of _____, the President is responsible for the protection of Americans abroad and of foreign nationals in the United States. [A]A. StateB. JusticeC. LaborD. Defense14. The community college embodies ________ belief that an education should be practical as well as liberal. [B]A. George Washington"sB. Thomas Jefferson"sC. Abraham Lincoln"sD. Franklin Roosevelt"s20. In the United States, Halloween is night - time ______ holiday. [A]A. children"sB. men"sC. women"sD. old men"s22. In Britain the succession order of the Crown can be altered only by common consent of _____. [D]A. all members of the royal familyB. the House of Lords and the House of CommonsC. cabinet and ministryD. the countries of the Commonwealth25. In the United States, _____ is a leading commercial crop in the South. [A]A. cottonB. tobaccoC. peanutD. appleIII. Directions: For each of the following blanks, only one word is suitable. Write the word in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (25%)2. diversity of American educationDiversity is considered to be an outstanding characteristic of American education. This can be seen not only in type, size and control of the institutions, but educational policies and practices. As is stated by the Tenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, education is a function of the state, not the federal govemment. As each state has the freedom to develop its own school system and delegates its power over education to local districts, many variations can be found in the education system of the 50 states.1. Look at a physical map of the United States and find out and name the main monition ranges, rivers and lakes in the United States.There are two main mountain ranges in the United States. They are the Appalachian Mountains and the Rocky Mountains. There are many important rivers in the United States. The Mississippi River and its two branches, the Missouri River and the Ohio River, flow south to the Gulf of Mexico. On the Pacific side there are two great rivers: the Colorado River and the Columbia River. The Rio Grande River forms a natural boundary between Mexico and the United States. Other well known rivers include the Hudson River which meets the Atlantic Ocean at New Yurk and the Potomac boarding the national capital of Washington. The most important lakes in the United States are the Great Lakes. They are Lake Superior, Lake Michigan, Lake Huron, Lake Erie and Lake Ontario. They are all located between Canada and the United States except Lade Michigan.2. How many constituencies are there in Britain today?How many members are there in the House of Commons?To hold general elections, Britain is divided into 651 constituencies, each of which returns one member to the House of Commons. There are 651 members in the House of Commnos.3. What were the effects of European settlement on the Aborigines?White settlement in 1788 proved disastrous for the Aborigines. (1) Aboriginal culture and society were totally disrupted because of a total conflict of cultures. (2) The loss o land to white people led to the breakdown of their tribal life because Aboriginal culture was based on the land. (3) After losing their land, Aborigines became dependent on white handouts. They copied the European habit of drinking alcohol, which destroyed large numbers of Aborigines. (4) The whites also brought many diseases which the Aborigines had no resistance to. (5) All these, combined with the violence between Europeans and Aborigines resulted in the drastically reduction in Aboriginal population. The Aborigines have always been in unfavorable position ever since 1788. The Aborigines still face legal, political, economic and social discrimination today.4. Sinn FeinSinn Fein was the Irish guerrilla movement that wrested independence from the British in 1921. It spit in 1921 over the Anglo - Irish Treaty and became two parties, Fianna Fail and Fine Gael, which remains to be the two major political parties in Ireland today.1. Tell briefly the history of the two - party system in the United States. What are the characteristics of the two major parties in the United States today?There nave been four periods in the history of the two - party system in the United States.(1) During the Ratification period, the first two major parties appeared. They were the Federalists and the Anti - Federalists. After the adoption of the Bill of Rights, the Anti - Federalists began to call themselves Democratic - Republicans. The Federalists gradually disintegrated. (2) After the 1828 election of Andrew Jackson, the Democratic - Republican Party split. The main faction led by Jackson was called the Whig Party which formed in 1834. As the struggle over slavery intensified, the majority of the Whig Party, part of the democrats, and other anti - slavery elements formed the Republican Party in 1854. (3) From 1860s to 1920s, the Republican Party dominated the political scene. (4) From the time of President Franklin Roosevelt to the 1980s, the Democratic Party was dominant, with short interruptions.Traditionally, the Democrats support government intervention in the economy and a strong social security system. While the Republicans stress the role of the market more and oppose large government social security programs. But the two parties are not really very different. They both believe in individualism, defend capitalism and uphold private ownership of means of production. Their organizations are both very loose. But they are both very significant in political life.1. Which is the largest city in Scotland?[ C]A. Cardiff B. Edinburgh C. Glasgow D. Manchester2. Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?[A]A. The Anglo-Saxons B. The NormansC. The Vikings D. The Romans3. Under the William of Normandy (known as William the Conqueror ) the Normans crossed the English Channel in_____, and the Battle of Hastings, defeated an English army under king Harold. [A]A. 1066 B. 1707 C.1536 D. 18014. Which of the following statements is NOT true?[C]A. Sinn Fein is a legal political party in Northern Ireland.B. Those who want to unite Northern Ireland with Britain are called Unionists.C. The Social Democratic and Labor Party is a very important political party in Britain.D. Those who show their loyalty to the British Crown are called Loyalists.5. Which of the following about the Queen is NOT true?[A]A. The Queen selects the Prime Minister and the Cabinet.B. The Queen symbolizes the tradition and unity of the British state.C. The Queen acts as a confidante to the Prime Minister.D. The Queen is the temporal head of the Church of England.6. Which of the following about the House of Lords is NOT true?CA. Lords do not receive salaries and many do not attend Parliament sittings.B. It consists of the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.C. The lords are expected to represent the interests of the public.D. Most of the Lords in the House of Lords are males.7. There are three major parties in the UK: the Conservative Party, the Labor Party and the ________.[C]A. Republican B. Liberal PartyC. Liberal Democratic Party D. Green Party10. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16_______.[B]A. can legally receive partly free educationB. can legally receive completely free educationC. can not receive free education at allD. can not receive free education if their parents are rich11. Which of the following schools would admit children without reference to their academic abilities?[A]A. Comprehensive schools B. Secondary schoolsC. Independent schools D. Grammar schools12.In England there is a truly English holiday: Bonfire Night ---sometimes called ________; while in Scotland, New Year s Eve called _______ is the major winter celebration.[A]A. Guy Fawkes Night, Hogmanay B. Eisteddfod, St Patrick DayC. Easter Day, Boxing Day D. Halloween Day, Ramadan13. The English Parliament originated in the _______---an advisory assembly of the king s chief vassals, including the clergy.[C]A. Privy Council B. Cabinet C. Great Council D. Congress14. At present Ireland Parliament has _____members called Teachtai Dala; while Senate has _____members who are not directly elected. [A]A. 166, 60 B. 435, 100 C. 651, 400 D. 300, 12015. The Wars of the Roses were fought between the family of Lancaster and the family of _______[D]A. Tudor B. Stuart C. Hanover D. York16. Which of the following is NOT a part of the Protestant value system?A. self-indulgence B. Rationalism C. Asceticism D. Individualism17. In Australia each of the government department is administered jointly by ____and ____.A. President, and Governor General B. Minister, the Head of DepartmentC. Prime Minister, Chancellor D. Chairman, Magistrate20. ______was the first to start the Religious Reformation and the next important leader of the Reformation was _______.A. Martin Luther, John MiltonB. John Calvin, the English King Henry VIIC. Martin Luther King, William PennD. Martin Luther, John Calvin21.Which of the following statements is NOT correct? When the Constitution was written,A. There was a Bill of Rights in the Constitution.B. There was no Bill of Rights.C. The Constitution did not have any words guaranteeing the freedoms or the basic rights and privileges of citizens.D. A Bill of Rights was added to the Constitution four years after the Constitution was made.22. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes?A. The executive. B. The legislative. C. The Judicial. D. The president.23. Which of the following statements is NOT correct according to the author?A. American mainstream culture is based on Protestantism.B. Protestant Church is an established church by law in the US.C. The Catholic Church is the largest single religious group in the US.D. The largest church is of the Protestant faith in the US.24. The Declaration of Independence was adopted by the ____ Continental Congress on July 4, _____.A. First, 1774 B. First, 1776 C. Second, 1774 D. Second, 177625. _______ was separated from the Roman Catholic Church at the Reformation in the 16th Century, spreading over Britain, the USA, Germany and other western countries.A. Christianity B. ProtestantismC. Orthodox Eastern Church D. BuddhismII. For each of the following blanks, write the suitable word or term in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (10%)5. In USA, one of the measurements for an undergraduate in academic progress is _______or points . It is defined as one hour of classroom lecture, or two to three hours of experiments per week for a semester.III. Give a brief answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (25%)1. Give a brief account of the US Presidential powers.2.What is the main difference between the Grammar schools and the Comprehensive Schools?3. What is the difference between the Lost Generation and the Beat Generation?4. What are the Wars of the Roses?5.What are the differences between the Bill of Rights of 1689 in UK and the Bill of Rights of 1791 in USA?IV. Explain the following terms. (30%)1. The New Deal2.Wakefield Scheme3. Open University4. Mark Twain5. The Industrial Revolution6. The Washminster form polityV. Answer the following questions (10%)How do you understand that British history has been a history of invasion . Please illustrate this point with the examples from the text. And how did each of the invasion influence the English culture?③英語(yǔ)國(guó)家概況（1）測(cè)試題22004.5I. There are 30 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%)1. Three of the following are characteristics of London. Which of the four is the exception?A.London is a political, economic and cultural centre of the country.B.London has a larger population than all other cities in England.C.London is not only the largest city in Britain, but also the largest in the world.D.London has played a significant role in the economic construction of the country.2.The Tower of London, a historical sight, located in the centre of London, was built byA. King Harold B. Robin HoodC. Oliver CromwellD. William the Conqueror3.Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world forA.its famous landmark, the Giant"s Causeway .B.its rich cultural life.C.its low living standards.D.its endless political problems.4. Faced with conflicting demands the British government chose a compromise and organized a partition of Ireland, becauseA. the British government wouldn"t be able to control Ireland any longer by force.B. the British government intended to satisfy both sides---Catholics as well as Protestants.C. Catholics in Ireland demanded a partition of Ireland.D. Protestants welcomed the idea of partition.5. Which of the following is NOT true about the Constitution?A.It is a document which lists out the basic principles for government.B.It is the foundation of British governance today.C.Conventions and Laws passed by Parliament are part of the Constitution.D.The common laws are part of the Constitution.6. Which of the following about the Parliament is NOT true?A.There are no legal restraints upon Parliament.B.Strictly speaking, the Queen is part of the Parliament.C.Parliament has the supreme power of passing laws.D.Parliament has no power to change the terms of the Constitution.7. Which group of people can NOT vote in the general election?A.members in the House of CommonsB.Lords in the House of LordsC.the UK citizens above the age of 18D.the UK resident citizens of the Irish Republic8. By whom is a vote of no confidence decided?A.the House of CommonsB.the House of LordsC.the two major partiesD.the Prime Minister9. Which government lost a vote of no confidence and was forced to resign in 1979?A.the Conservative governmentB.the Liberal governmentC.the Labour governmentD.the radical government10. Which of the following livestock has the biggest number in the UK?A. beef battle B. dairy cattleC. chicken D. sheep11.Which company became an important aero-engine manufacturer after WWI?A.BoeingB. Rolls RoyceC. McDonnel-DouglasD. Hawker-Siddeley Aviation12.British Aerospace was the merger of which two companies?A. the British Aircraft Corporation and Hawker-Siddeley AviationB. the British Aircraft Corporation and Rolls RoyceC. Hawker-Siddeley Aviation and GEC AvionicsD. Hawker-Siddeley Aviation and Rolls Royce13. Which of the following writers was NOT associated with Modernism ?A. D.H. LawrenceB. E-M. ForsterC. Charles DickensD. Virginia Woolf14. Which of the following is generally considered to be the masterpiece by Joseph Conrad ?A. SybilB. The Heart of DarknessC. Bleak House D. Wuthering Heights15.Which of the following was a Postmodernist writer ?A. George OrwellB. Robert L. StevensonC. Jane AustenD. Virginia Woolf16. Which of the following is truly a sport of the royal family?A. cricket B. skiingC. golfing D. horse racing17. Which of the following is NOT associated with horse racing?A. placing bets B. the Royal AscotC. the Grand National D. the FA Cup18. Which of the following about hunting is NOT true?A. It had developed into a recreational activity in medieval England.B. Only men participated in the hunting.C. Modern hunters usually chase foxes nowadays.D. It is strongly objected by animal rights groups.19. Which of the following is the widely practised custom in Scottish New Year?A. first-footingB. kissing under the mistletoeC. Burns SupperD. using magic spells to see into future20. Of which people is Robert Burns a national poet?A. Welsh peopleB. Irish peopleC. Scottish people D. English people21.Which community observes the traditional Ramadan?A. Hindu B. SikhC. Jewish D. Muslim22. In Britain, the great majority of parents send their children toA. private schools.B. independent schools.C. state schools. D. public schools.23. In Britain, children from the age of 5 to 16A.can legally receive partly free education.B.can legally receive completely free education.C.can not receive free education at all.D.can not receive free education if their parents are rich.24. Which of the following is NOT true about the flats ?A.They are not considered as the most desirable home.B.They are often in modem multi-storey buildings.C.They are often publicly owned.D.All of them are of low status and are very cheap.25. Which of the following about the terraced houses is NOT true?A.They are most common in suburban areas.B.They are usually two-storey houses joined at each side.C.They often have a small concrete yard at the back.D.They were originally built for factory workers.26. The present British foreign policy is mainly influenced by the following factors exceptA.its imperial history.B.its geopolitical traits.C. its special relationship with the United States.D. its schizophrenic attitude to Europe.27. Which of the following is NOT involved in making the British foreign policy?A. The Queen of Britain.B. The Foreign and Commonwealth Office.C.The Prime Minister and Cabinet.D.The Ministry of Defense and the Treasury.28. Nowadays the British foreign policy is largely shaped by its participation inA.the Commonwealth.B.the European Economic Community.C.the United Nations, the European Union, NATO, etc.D.a European federal government.29. Which of the following is the world"s oldest national newspaper ?A. The Times.B. The Guardian.C. The Observer.D. The Financial Times.30. Which of the following is the British oldest daily newspaper ?A. The Telegraph.B. The Guardian.C. The News of the World. D. The Times.II. There are altogether 20 blanks in the following sentences. Fill in the blanks and write your answer at the corresponding places on the ANSWER SHEET. (40%)1. The Island of Great Britain is made up of (1) (2) and (3) .2. The capital of Britain is (4) , which has great influence on the UK in all fields including (5) , (6) and (7) .3. If a government loses a (8) in the House of Commons, it has to resign.4. Communion with the dead, mischief, fortune-telling and masquerades are common practices on (9) .5. The two oldest universities in Britain are (10) and (11) .6. According to the author, Britain is a (12) democracy, so the government s foreign policy in theory represents the desires of its (13) .7. The BBC stands for (14) . It s not only Britain s main public service (15) , but also serves as (16) station.8. Australia is one of the most highly (17) countries in the world with only 15 percent of Australian live in rural areas.9. Australia has (18) states, (19) internal territories and (20) external territories.III. Explain each of the following 6 out of 10 in no more than five sentences. Write your an?swer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET. (30%)1. Robin Hood2. the Constitution3. the Canterbury Tales4.Wimbledon5.Easter6.comprehensive schools7.NATO8.Australia s postwar immigration program9.New South Wales10.the three-tier system of the Australian government英語(yǔ)國(guó)家概況(1)模擬試題一ⅠThere are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)1. Who were the ancestors of the English and the founders of England?A the Anglo-Saxons B the NormansC the Vikings D the Romans2.Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world for:A its most famous landmark, the Giant s CausewayB its rich cultural lifeC its low living standardsD its endless political problems3. Where is the best agricultural land in Britain?A in the southeast of England B in the northeast of EnglandC in the southeast of Scotland D in the northeast of Scotland4.Which of the following was the most famous Scottish novelist?A D.H Lawrence B Robert L. StevensonC Charles Dickens D Walter Scott5. The first European settlement on the continent Australia began in ___A 1902 B 1788 C 1770 D 17876. Which of the following sports was NOT invented in Britain?A football B tennis C archery D cricket7. On which day is Halloween celebrated?A 5 November B 31 OctoberC 17 March D 25 December8.Which of the following is NOT true about lie peers?A They are not from the aristocratic families.B They cannot sit in the House of Lords.C They earned their titles through their outstanding achievement.D The titles cannot be inherited by their children.9. Which of the following countries does NOT have nuclear weapons capabilities?A Britain B RussiaC Italy D United Sates10. Which of the following phrases cannot be used to describe the continent of Australia?A The smallest continent B the largest islandC the highest continent D the driest continent11.Australia s three most important field crops are ____.A Cotton, barley, and sugar-caneB Grain legume, wheat, and sugar-caneC wheat, barley, and sugar-caneD wheat, sugar-cane and cotton12.TAFE is a form of:A primary education B secondary educationC post-secondary education D private education13.____ is the oldest newspaper in Australia.A The Sydney Morning Herald B The AustralianC The Mercury D The Australian Financial Review14.The first settlers of New Zealand were ____.A voyagers from East Polynesia B European navigatorsC sealers and whalers D Christian missionaries15. The largest state in terms of area is:A Queensland B New South WalesC Western Australia D Victoria16. The largest manufacturing sector in Australia is ____.A The ship-building industryB The secondary industryC The tertiary industryD The food-processing industry17. The aim of the National Campaign Against Drug Abuse is:A to ban the use of legal and illegal drugsB to ban the use of illegal drugsC to ban the use of illegal drugs among young peopleD to reduce the harm caused by the misuse of legal and illegal drugs18. Which of the following organizations Australia is NOT a member of?A The European CommunityB The United NationsC The General Agreement on Tariffs and TradeD The Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations trade agreement19. In its imperial prime, Britain ruled:A a fourth of the globe B a fifth of the worldC a third of the world D two-thirds of the earth20. Which of the following is NOT one of the major exports of New Zealand?A Dairy products B FishC Wool D OilⅡThere are altogether 15 blanks in the following sentences. Fill in the blanks and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)* Strictly speaking, the parliament today consists of 21____, the House of Lords and 22____.* In 1689, Parliament passed The Bill of Rights to ensure that the king would never be able to ignore 23 ____.* Shakespeare s plays fall into three categories. They are 24 _____, 25 _____ and historical plays.* The early decades saw the great poets of the Romantic movement, such as 26____, Shelley and 27 _______.* The capital of Scotland is Edinburgh, which is well-known for its natural 28 ____.* Pupils from the age of (29) ____ to 11 mainly attend state-run primary schools.* (30 ) ____ is regarded as one of the quality papers in Britain.ⅢDecide whether the following statements are True (T) or False( F) and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)31.What is the capital city of Northern Ireland?32.Who is the author of Rob Roy ?33.Where is the international tennis championships held?34.What does MSc stands for?35 John Le Carre wrote Smiley s People .36 GCSE stand for General Certificate of Secondary Education.37. Diplomatic relations between Australia and China established in the1970s.38 Most advertising in Britain is carried in newspapers.39. Australia have five states.40 BHP is The Broken Hill Proprietary Company Limited, which is the biggest and most important iron and steel products producer in Australia.ⅣExplain each of the following 6 out of 8 in no more than five sentences. Write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points)41 The Vikings42 The House of Commons43 Australia s nuclear policies44 Concorde45 Horse racing46 The Open Polytechnic47 the House of Commons48 Henry Lawson英語(yǔ)國(guó)家概況(1)模擬試題二ⅠThere are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)1. Where do the majority of people in Scotland live?A in the Highlands B in the LowlandsC in the Uplands D in the west of Scotland2.Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world for:A its most famous landmark, the Giant s CausewayB its rich cultural lifeC its low living standardsD its endless political problems3. Where is the best agricultural land in Britain?A in the southeast of England B in the northeast of EnglandC in the southeast of Scotland D in the northeast of Scotland4.Which of the following was the most famous Scottish novelist?A D.H Lawrence B Robert L. StevensonC Charles Dickens D Walter Scott5. Which of the following did NOT belong to Romanticism?A Keats B Shelley C Wordsworth D E.M. Foster6. Which of the following sports was NOT invented in Britain?A football B tennis C archery D cricket7.Which of the following has nothing to do with Easter?A rabbits B eggs C chicks D haggis8.Which of the following is NOT true about lie peers?A They are not from the aristocratic families.B They cannot sit in the House of Lords.C They earned their titles through their outstanding achievement.D The titles cannot be inherited by their children.9. Which of the following is NOT one of the major imports of New Zealand?A Fruit B Machinery C Vehicles D Mineral fuels10. Northern Ireland is the smallest of the four nations, but is quite well-known in the world for ____.A its most famous landmark, the Giant s CausewayB its rich cultural lifeC its low living standardD its endless political problem11 The Commonwealth of Australia, a federation of the six former colonies as states, came into being on:A Jan.18, 1788 B Jan.26, 1788C Jan. 1,1901 D April 25,191412 Which country/area is Australia s largest export market for beef and veal?A Singapore B The United SatesC The Republic of Korea D The Middle East13 Schooling in Australia between the ages of 6 and 15 is:A free B expensiveC compulsory D optional14 The Maori word Marae means ____.A Maori culture B non- Maori or EuropeanC protocol D meeting house15 The largest state in terms of population is:A Queensland B New South WalesC Western Australia D Victoria16 Which of the following is the British oldest daily newspaper?A The Guardian B The TimesC The Telegraph D The News of the World17 Australia also has external territories in:A the Arctic Ocean and the Indian OceanB the Indian Ocean and the Atlantic OceanC the Pacific Ocean and the Atlantic OceanD the Indian Ocean and the Antarctic18 The sole parent pension is available to:A all single parentsB single people caring for children under 16 or recipients of the child disability allowanceC single parents divorced with children under 16.D divorced or widowed old women19 The Head of State of New Zealand is ____.A the Prime Minister B the Governor-GeneralC the British monarch D the Ombudsman20 Which of the following is NOT one of the major imports of New Zealand?A Fruit B MachineryC Vehicles D Minerals fuelsⅡThere are altogether 10 blanks in the following sentences. Fill in the blanks and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)＊Since the early 1960s, (21) ____ has grown to be Australia s largest trading partner.＊Australia s three most important field crops are (22) ______, (23)_____ and (24)______.???＊(25) ____ was the first country in the world to give women the right to vote.＊Schooling in Australia between the ages of (26)____ and 15 is (27)_____.＊The media are also affected by (28)_____, a legal act which demands that all government information is kept (29)____ unless the government agrees.＊On (30)___ each year, Protestant Orangemen march through the streets, celebrating their victory over the Catholics.Ⅲ Answer the following questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)31.Who built the Tower of London?32.Who is the author of the Heart of Darkness?33 What are the official languages in Australia?34 When were the first immigrants transported from Britain to Australia?35.Where were the first immigrants transported from to Australia?36 On which day is Halloween celebrated?37 What is the largest popular festival of music making and poetry writing now in Europe?38. What is BHP?39.Who were the first inhabitants of Australia?40. Where the first settlers of New Zealand from?Ⅳ Explain each of the following 6 out of 8 in no more than five sentences. Write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points)41.King Harold42 The Labor Party43 The Bronte sisters44 Life peers45 Horse racing46 Halloween47 the Aboriginal people48 Grammar schools英語(yǔ)國(guó)家概況(1)模擬試題三ⅠThere are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(40 points)1 Where do the majority of people in Scotland live?A in the Highlands B in the LowlandsC in the Uplands D in the west of Scotland2 By whom is a vote of no confidence decided?A the House of Commons B the House of LordsC the two major parties D the Prime Minister3 How many countries do you know there are in Northern Ireland?A 26 B 6 C 32 D 204 Which of the following is a tragedy written by Shakespeare?A Dr. Faustus B FrankensteinC Hamlet D Sense and Sensibility5 Which of the following was NOT an activity in Shakespeare s time?A playing football B having a drink at the pubC working the land D attending the Grand National6 The first European settlement on the continent began inA 1901 B 1788 C 1770 D 17877 Which of the following is NOT true about the flats ?A They are not considered as the most desirable home.B They are usually two-storey buildings.C They are often publicly owned.D All of them are of low status and are very cheap.8 Which countries are the permanent members of the UN Security Council?A France, China, Germany, Russia and BritainB the United States, France, Britain, Germany and RussiaC China, Russia, France, Britain and the United StatesD China, Britain, France, United States and Japan9 In Britain most advertising is carried _____.A in newspapers B in magazinesC on television D on radio10 Which of the following phrases cannot be used to describe the continent of Australia?A The smallest continent B the largest islandC the highest continent D the driest continent11 On which day is Halloween celebrated?A 5 November B 31 OctoberC 17 March D 25 December12 Which of the following is one of the major exports of New Zealand?A Dairy products B sheepC cotton D Oil13 Which of the following phrases cannot be used to describe the continent of Australia?A the smallest continent B the largest islandC the highest continent D the driest continent14 Which of the following organizations Australia is NOT a member of?A The European CommunityB The United NationsC The General Agreements on Tariffs and TradeD The Australia New Zealand Closer Economic Relations trade agreement15 Pupils who cannot go to school due to illness, disability and residential isolationA have to be taught by their parentsB have to teach themselvesC cannot receive any form of educationD can receive education by taking correspondence courses16 The aim of the National Campaign Against Drug Abuse isA to ban the use of legal and illegal drugsB to ban the use of illegal drugsC to ban the use of illegal drugs among young peopleD to reduce the harm caused by the misuse of legal drugs and illegal drugs17 Which of the following countries does NOT have nuclear weapons capabilities?A Britain B RussiaC Italy D United Sates18 Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to New Zealand s environmental achievement?A Favorable geographic featuresB Low populationC A late development of industryD The ozone hole over Antarctica19 New Zealand s three largest ethnic groups in terms of population are _____.A New Zealanders with European ancestry, Chinese and MaoriB Maori, Indian and people from the Pacific IslandsC New Zealanders with European ancestry, Maori and people from the Pacific IslandsD people from the Pacific Islands, Maori and Chinese20 Which of the following is NOT one of the major imports of New Zealand?A Dairy products B Fish C Wool D OilⅡThere are altogether 10 blanks in the following sentences. Fill in the blanks and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(10 points)The game of golf was invented by the 21 ____ and there is one ancient and famous golf course at 22 ____.There are three major parties in the UK: 23 _______, 24 _______ and the Liberal Democrats.Shakespeare s plays fall into three categories. They are 25 _____, 26 _____ and historical plays.27 ____ was the first country in the world to give women the right to vote.Pupils from the age of 28 ____ to 11 mainly attend state-run 29 ___ schools.30 ____ is regarded as one of the quality papers in Britain.ⅢThere are 10 questions. Answer each of the questions in one full sentence and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points)31 The Scottish people all over the world celebrate their most beloved national poet by holding a Burns Supper on the evening of his death.32 Beowulf is one of the oldest of the early Old English literary works.33 MSc stands for Master of Science.34 the international tennis championships held in Wimbledon35.What does GCSE stand for?36 How much did Britain rule the world in its imperial prime?37. What is one of the oldest of the early Old English literary works?38. Where is most advertising in Britain carried ?39. How many states does Australia have?40.Where were the first immigrants transported from to Australia?ⅣExplain each of the following 6 out of 8 in no more than five sentences. Write your answer at the appropriate place on the ANSWER SHEET.(30 points)41.King Arthur42 Captain James Cook43 Captain Arthur Phillip44 Open University45 The Canterbury Tales46 The Open Polytechnic47 Virginia Woolf48 Henry Lawson